Short-term impact of glycaemic control and intravitreal ranibizumab treatment on serum cytokine levels and diabetic macular edema in patients with unregulated blood glucose

Objective: To evaluate the short-term effect of glycaemic control and intravitreal ranibizumab treatment on diabetic macular edema (DME) to assess correlation between HbA1c certain serum cytokines.
 Design: A prospective study 43 participants with levels exceeding 53 mmol/mol (7%) DME, as detected by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT). 
 Subjects: Participants were grouped according their initial best corrected distance visual acuity (BCVA). Group 1 was treated three monthly doses (0.5 mg) injections, 2 followed without treatment. Methods: Serum cytokine levels, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) analysed at beginning end 3 months, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).
 Results: significant decrease in thicknesses (except for one quadrant) observed Group. Changes not correlated decrease. VEGF level significantly increased 1, despite treatment.
 Conclusion: Short-term alone had limited value DME. The therapeutic DME supports role local milieu pathophysiology.